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01 · Pierwsza strona · uporządkowane według tego, co robią
Rodzina
Zdolność
cancan'tcould (in the past)
Pozwolenie
canmay (formal)could (asking politely)
Obowiązek
musthave tomustn't (prohibition)
Brak obowiązku
don't have toneedn't
Rada
shouldshouldn'tought to
Propozycje i prośby
Shall I…?Could you…?Would you like…?
: . - , , . , , — , .
: : , . . : .
: : , . — , : , , .
- .
- .
- .
- , ?
- .
, | Dobrze i źle |
|---|
| Czego nigdy nie robi | Poprawnie | Błędnie |
|---|
| takes -s in the third person | she can swim | she cans swim |
| takes to after it | I must go | I must to go |
| needs do for the question | Can you swim? | Do you can swim? |
| needs do for the negative | I can't swim | I don't can swim |
| has a past of its own | I had to go | I musted go |
Złota zasada
, . , , — , . , , .
Uwaga
. „”, „ ” — . , , „ ”, . .02 · Druga strona · jak to powiedzieć, żeby nie zabrzmieć niegrzecznie
Zastosowania
can · zdolność
, , . .
I can drive.She can't swim.I could read at four.
must · z wewnątrz
, , , .
I must stop smoking.Passengers must show a ticket.
have to · z zewnątrz
, : , , .
I have to work on Saturday.She has to wear a uniform.
should · rada
, . .
You should see a doctor.You shouldn't work so much.
Prośba o coś
; .
Could you help me?Can you pass the salt?
Pytanie o pozwolenie, by coś zrobić
, , , , .
Can I sit here?Could I ask you something?May I come in?
Propozycja
; .
Shall I open the window?Would you like a coffee?
Brak pewności
, „ ”. .
It may rain.He might be late.That could be true.
Dlaczego «Give me a coffee» brzmi po angielsku niegrzecznie
, : „ ” . , : ? ? , . — , . , — , .
🇵🇱 Polski
„”, „” „” : . — , .
Muszę iść. → I must go.
🌍 Dla wszystkich
„ ”. „ ”, . .
Non devi venire. / Nie musisz przychodzić. → You don't have to come.
Uwaga
, , : , , . .I must to go now. → I must go now.
.
She cans drive. → She can drive.
-, .
Do you can help me? → Can you help me?
: , .
You mustn't come, it's optional. → You don't have to come, it's optional.
; . .
I musted work late. → I had to work late.
: .
Give me a coffee. → Could I have a coffee, please?
, .
I will can help you tomorrow. → I will be able to help you tomorrow.
: .
- — .
- .
- ?
- .
03 · Trzecia strona · teraz twoja kolej
Ćwiczenia
