Exercises for this card
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Relative clauses and the first conditional
Two ways to hang a second sentence onto the first — and a comma that changes the meaning.
First page · which word, and does it need a comma
The joins
The thing you are describing is a person
who (or that)
the man who called you
It is a thing or an animal
which (or that)
the book which won the prize
It is a place
where
the town where I grew up
You are saying WHICH one — the sentence needs it to make sense
no commas
The man who called you is here.
You are adding extra information — the sentence works without it
two commas
My brother, who lives in Rome, is a doctor.
The relative word is the OBJECT of its own clause
you may drop it
the book (that) I read
A real future possibility, with a condition
if + present, will + verb
If it rains, I'll stay home.
: . , , , , — .
: , : . - , : , , . — .
: . , : , . .
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, , .
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| How it behaves | ||
|---|---|---|
| Word | Used for | Can it be dropped? |
| who | people | yes, if it is the object |
| which | things and animals | yes, if it is the object |
| that | people or things · defining only | yes, if it is the object |
| where | places | no |
| whose | possession | no |
| after a comma | extra information | never — and never that |
Golden rule
. , . , . , — .
. , : , , . , , .
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